The Colonies by 1763: a New Society

Between the settlement at Jamestown in 1607 and the Treaty of Paris in 1763, the most important change that occurred in the colonies was the emergence of a society quite different from that in England. Changes in religion, economics, politics and social structure illustrate this Americanization of the transplanted Europeans. By 1763, although some colonies still maintained established churches, other colonies had accomplished a virtual revolution for religious toleration and separation of church and state.In England, the King, the head of state, is also the head of the Anglican Church, the Church of England. In the early colonial years, the Puritans had control of church and state in the northeast, mainly Massachusetts. The leaders were strict and church and state were inseparable. But during the 1730’s to the 1740’s, the Great Awakening arose and led to a decline in Puritan tradition. The Great Awakening was lead by Johnathan Edwards and George Whitefield and brought a bout an increase in religious freedom and many new churches.The Great Awakening also led to an increase of separation of church and state. The Great Awakening was only possible because the youth didn’t view religion as seriously as their predecessors. Also, the church’s power in government was weakened so they couldn’t enforce religious duties upon anyone. The Colonies had differed themselves from England religiously by being more tolerant. In a similar economic revolution, the colonies outgrew their mercantile relationship with the mother country and developed an expanding capitalist system.The colonies originally were a tool for England to collect resources and to expand its resources. This was because England believed in mercantilism. Mercantilism is the belief that there is a set amount of wealth in the world. The colonies began to trade with other nations and colonies without England’s permission because the distance between the colonies and the moth er country was enormous and made communication difficult. During salutary neglect, England did not concern itself with this, but after the French-Indian War, it needed to raise funds, so it began imposing its will upon the colonies.Several unfavorable acts in the colonies were the Stamp Act, the Sugar Act, and the Tea Act. By this time, the colonies already had a self sufficient economy and England’s intrusion was hurting that economy. They were able to become self sufficient because during the salutary neglect they were forced to take care of themselves. They had developed a free market and England imposing the Stamp, Sugar, and Tea Acts was creating monopolies. The colonies were the opposites of England economically by 1763.Building on English foundations of political liberty, the colonists extended the concepts of liberty and self-government far beyond those envisioned in the mother country. During the period of salutary neglect, the colonists could not depend on England f or government help because they were not represented in Parliament and because communication was difficult due to the Atlantic Ocean. The colonists had to learn to make decisions on their own, which prepared them to be independent. The colonists could govern themselves because the English weren’t paying attention to them.They also were forced to make decisions and laws for themselves. By the time the period of salutary neglect was finished, the colonists already were able to govern themselves. This is how the colonies had separated itself politically from England. In contrast to the well-defined and hereditary classes of England, the colonies developed a fluid class structure. Women had managed to change their status socially. Marriage was more of a means of transferring wealth than a romantic ceremony in those days. Women began getting more power in their family, although they still had little say in their government.They got this say in the family life because it was their job to care for the house and to raise the children. In Europe, they were still seen as more of a possession than a partner. Also, it was much easier for people to change classes. In England, you were born into the class you would remain in your whole life. In the colonies, one could change their social status through hard work and persistence because there was no autocracy in the colonies. No one person had absolute power. England was also different than the colonies socially.By the year 1763, the colonies already had a different society than that in England. Religiously, the colonies were much more tolerant. In terms of the economy, the two societies formed different views. The colonists were capitalist and the English were mercantilists. The colonists were also opposed to the idea of monarchy. They supported forms of democracy. Lastly, the colonies were more liberal than the mother country socially. It allowed for more flexibility in the social structure. By 1763, the colonies we re already a different society from England.

Language Barrier Analysis

Language is defined as the words, their pronunciation, and the methods of combining them used and understood by a community. It is all around us everyday, being used by each individual to communicate with one another. Without it, the world would be at loss. Although language can act in a uniting fashion, it can also be a divisor between poeople and society. Just like for the two people, Tanya Barrientos and Amy Tan, language was used to unite each of them with their family yet caused problems to arise, which would divide them from their own people or society.Each author uses their own life examples relating the stories to each other yet one author is ostracized from her native people, the other, by an English speaking society. In this we are going to look at two stories side by side and how they relate to one another and how they differentiate. In Tanya Barrientos’ â€Å"Se Habla Espanol† she explains how she was born into a Spanish speaking family but when they moved t o American when she was three, her and her family stopped speaking English.They way she looked at it was back then, speaking Spanish meant all you could do was wait tables and clean hotel rooms and were constantly being looked down on and criticized. Because of this Barrientos enjoyed her Americanized self and that she often acted as to not know any Spanish to feel superior. She believed that by staying away from Spanish, that stereotypes would stay away from her. Once America changed its views on ethnic identity and people were celebrating the ethnic diversity, the Latino community was held together by the Spanish language, yet it was that which kept her apart.She finally decided to swallow her pride and set out to learn the language people assumed she already knew. Although she can follow a large part of Spanish dialogue, she still gets caught up over difficult construction. She believes there are others out there just like her though. In Amy Tans story â€Å"Mother Young† Amy takes a look on the various types of English she uses in her life. She talks about who and what had influenced this type of language. She also focuses on her mother who speaks what we know as â€Å"broken English† because of her mother being a Chinese immigrant.All of this starts with Tan realizing the different types of English she spoke and especially in front of her mother, in a way she has never heard her talk before. This brings in question who influenced her language and her mothers’ effect. Because of Tans mothers’ dialect she was often treated differently in a number of circumstances where as a normal English speaking person wouldn’t have been. Amy feared that because her mothers’ language was limited that people would think what she had to say was limited and that were the perception people got from her.This also caused the question of Amy’s mothers’ language possibly having an effect on limiting her abilities as well. Wh en looking at these stories side by side, the two have many similarities. To start off, they both involve their native language and the barriers that they put up. Both Tan and Barrientos stories involve a foreign language with effects their English language here in the US. This is seen in Tanya’s un-assured self as a Latino and Amy’s mothers broken English. In both a barrier seems to arise when it comes to language.When it came to Tanya Barrientos, people suspected she wasn’t really Spanish due to her trouble with the language. In Amy Tan’s story, her mother came to a barrier when people didn’t take her seriously because of her spoken English. Also, in each story the characters are faced with a sense of inequality. In Se Habla Espanol, Barrientos admits that she enjoyed that people told her she didn’t â€Å"look† Mexican and even denied knowing how to speak Spanish at times which made her feel superior, showing the race boundaries.Als o, there is a section in which they arrive to school late and are hackled for doing so. You can understand it is due to their race because they were generalized as â€Å"you people†. It’s also seen a great amount in Mother Tongue such as how Amy’s mother was treated because of her broken English causing Amy to many times have to speak for her mother. People assumed her mother was inadequate just because her language was limited. In both stories, each person feels a type of judgment from others.For Tanya, is was when the Spanish would notice her stumbling over her words in a difficult situation and for Amy is was how people assumed her mother was inadequate due to her broken English. One final comparison would be both of them challenging themselves to achieve an attainable goal in school that involved their language. Tanya Barrientos did rigorous course study work, taking numerous Spanish classes and even studying in abroad in Mexico to further help her develop h er Spanish speaking tongue.In Mother Tongue, we learn that although her natural skill lied in math and science, she challenged herself and declared herself an English major in college. Although there are a great amount of similarities between the two stories, they also differ in many ways. When it comes to immigration, Tanya Barrientos moved here when she was three years old with her parents hope of her and her siblings to speak nothing but English, but Amy Tan was born here, although her parents are Chinese immigrants. This caused a difference in which way they faced their language barriers.Tanya, although wanting to deny it in her earlier years, was trying so hard to reconnect with her cultural origin and learn their language to authenticate her Spanish heritage. Also so that she could communicate in the language both of her parents spoke to one another. Amy Tan was born here but that didn’t cause her mother to speak perfect English. Her mothers’ English was broken s o she grew up speaking English but listening to her mothers’ incorrect grammar, which influenced her grammatical growth.She wished her mother hadn’t had this impediment, which caused her to be viewed differently but wanted to use her mothers tongue as a guide for who would read the books she was writing. Another difference between the two would just be the point of view each story was written from. In Tanya Barrientos’ story, the main character was herself so it was a direct interpretation of her own experiences. In Amy Tans’ story, her mother was used as a main subject so it was written from how she herself viewed her mother and the events that occurred involving her.Another difference would be the associations made difficult due to the language barrier. For Tanya Barrientos, she struggled to communicate with natives or people fluent in speaking Spanish. Although she was born there and grew up with it through her family, she struggled to communicate effe ctively. In Amy Tans story, her mother had difficulty speaking with people whose first language was English and were effective in communicating so. Another difference would be how in Amy Tans â€Å"Mother Tongue† we learn that in many cases, her mother was given horrible service, acted as if they idn’t hear her or simply ignored due to her broken English. In Tanya Barrientos’ there were examples of her blatantly not using her Spanish speaking tongue to feel better about herself and to be viewed as â€Å"white†. All in all, both stories vary in many ways but are also similar. Their languages, their barriers and the situations that occur do present themselves in different ways for many but the underlying cause is there in universal orient. Although languages are vastly different, they all cause similar altercations.

Aberfan Mining disaster – 1966

At 9.15 on Friday 21 October 1966, Aberfan in Merthyr Tydfil, South Wales, was the centre of the world's media. A waste tip from the mine slid down the mountainside destroying a farm cottage killing all of the occupants. At Pant Glas School, the children were returning to their classrooms from morning assembly when a few of the children heard a rumbling sound coming from the valleys then they noticed an avalanche of mud hurtling towards them from the hills, and before anybody could get out, the school was underground. The school along with 20 other houses in the village were engulfed. There was total silence, so silent that you could hear a pin drop. The disaster was so horrific that everyone wanted to do something. Hundreds of people threw their shovel into their car and drove to Aberfan to help with the rescue operation. The trained and untrained rescuers worked hard to remove the debris. The first live victim of the disaster was rescued at 11am on that day. Almost a week later, all of the bodies had been discovered. Gaynor Minett, an eight year-old survivor in the school described the landslide as â€Å"a tremendous rumbling sound and all the school went dead you could hear a pin drop† she said that â€Å"everybody just froze in their seats†. People were so sad about the disaster that they wrote poems etc about the disaster. Reverend Dr Emlyn Davies who witnessed the disaster wrote a poem entitled ‘Aberfan'. The beginning of the poem gives the image of a little â€Å"unknown village in the vale† where the children â€Å"played and sang†. This image changes drastically as the poem progresses. The poem sort of tells a story of how this village, from being peaceful, changed to being a centre of the world and a very well known village. The descriptions are very in depth and this adds to the overall effect of the poem on me. To me, the poem has enlightened the effect of mankind on nature, this epidemic wouldn't have happened if the slag heaps weren't made. I would have never known this â€Å"secluded village†. The poem its self is well structured because each stanza is like a paragraph and contains information from each aspect of the disaster and is structured similar to a story. The use of metaphors is very effective in our understanding, â€Å"the mine became a tomb†. The adjectives used â€Å"Weight immeasurable, Force irresistible, Crushing all before† are very descriptive of the force of the landslide. The overall mood of the poem is very miserable but powerful in making us understand the consequences of human disrespect to countryside. Rev. Emlyn Davies wrote this poem to show people what really happened, he was there, he was the reverend of the church. Mike Jenkins wrote two poems about the disaster at a much later date. He was influence to writing one of them ‘He loved light freedom and animals' when he visited Aberfan. He was walking through a graveyard and he noticed one of the headstones and it read ‘He loved light, freedom and animals' he was touched by the inscription and wrote a poem with the caption as the heading. The victim was very young when his life was taken. This poem is more descriptive than a story. The first verse resembles an overview of this child who seemed to be happy, â€Å"waving an answer like a greeting†. The second stanza is similar to the first. Mike Jenkins uses a literal fact â€Å"Buried alive† and imagines the little boy to be â€Å"skimming stones down the path of the sun† on the river, which would be stereotypical of a child of that time. The use of metaphors and similes make the poem more interesting and free flowing. There is a contrast of images from the first two stanzas through to the rest; the first two are nice images of the little boy playing besides the river, but then the representation goes darker and describes this â€Å"tumour on the hillside† bursting â€Å"black blood† it sound really violent and aggressive. The poets thoughts and feelings come into play now, he â€Å"gulp[s] back tears because of the notion of manliness† I think he placed this in his poem because he is in the graveyard, trying to paint a picture of what happened and he comes back to reality and realises that the person buried beneath him is this little boy that he is imagining. As the poem unfolds, the descriptions get more vague. He seems to be highlighting the main features of his imagination. The gravestone that he found hugely inspired Mike Jenkins. I think that his purpose was not to persuade people to accept his views but just to let them envisage what he felt. The second Mike Jenkins poem is called ‘Among the Debris'. It is written in a completely different style to ‘He loved light freedom and animals'. He uses a local dialect, however, it is hard to understand but it adds a good effect. The first stanza tells us about a teacher who used to tell stories to the children â€Å"about is time in the navy, playin cards underwater† The second verse reveals that the teacher wasn't in control of his emotions. It seems to me that he had been through an experience that had mentally scarred him, because â€Å"ee'd go mental, throw a wobbly†. The metaphors that Mike Jenkins uses in this poem are very effective, â€Å"is screams pick-axin into ower yer-drums† all of the references to the teacher's actions are very detailed. After the teacher had thrown a â€Å"wobbly†, he â€Å"passed a bagful o' sorries round† I feel sorry for the teacher at this point because it seems that he cannot control his actions. The last stanza is described in-depth. It is at the part when the landslide is coming down the hill it was â€Å"a slow, unnatural thunder†. When the slide had ended, the teacher â€Å"wuz searchin fer them lost children, buryin is ands in slurry† the last two lines are the best in the poem, â€Å"till ee found us, sitting among the debris† this means that the teacher had ‘snapped out' of his â€Å"wobbly† and had came back to reality to the class that he was teaching. The images in this poem are quite disturbing but are effective in describing how some people were affected by the disaster. For Mike Jenkins to write this poem, he must have been hugely saddened by the gravestone that he saw to urge him to write ‘He loved light, freedom and animals' and this poem, ‘Among the debris'. If Mike Jenkins and Reverend Dr. Emlyn Davies were affected so much to write these poems, I wonder how many other people saw the destruction of the landslide and were upset for all of those children in the â€Å"unknown village in the vale† that lost their lives.

Emarketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Emarketing - Essay Example In addition, e-commerce is generally associated with buying and selling via internet or conducting transactions that technically involves the use of a computer (network) and then transactions that needed ownership or rights to use the goods and service for the internet. This industry seems to be growing. This is because as based on the International Data Corp (IDC) the estimated value of the global e-commerce in 2000 was roughly towards the US $350.38 billion. These figures are projected to climb up every yea, and it did, by 2004, the IDC rose by 10%. This shows that the market place is now being shifted towards the use of computer, internet. There is a huge market via Internet. But in order to understand this better, here are the basic concepts in e-commerce. There are some of the basic concepts of e-commerce that applies to understanding the difference of the relationship formation and maintenance in the market space and also in the market place. The E-commerce generally used a huge scope of technologies in order to provide the needs of its market wherever they may be. The relationship of e-commerce to its market place is to be able to provide both pre and p

Shroud of Torin Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Shroud of Torin - Research Paper Example Shroud of Turin The Shroud of Turin is a linen cloth that bears the image of a tortured and crucified person and that is believed by many people to be the actual cloth that wrapped Jesus Christ during his burial. The authenticity of the Shroud of Turin has been a subject of a very controversial debate; the proponents of the Shroud of Turin argue that the Shroud of Turin is indeed the real cloth that Jesus Christ of Nazareth was wrapped in during his burial, while the critiques of the Shroud of Turin on the other hand dismiss the Shroud of Turin as a medieval Christian hoax meant to win Christianity more converts (Stapylton, 2003). This paper looks at the history of the Shroud of Turin, and also at the controversies that characterize the history of the Shroud. And since the History of the Shroud of Turin is too broad to be covered in this paper, the paper focuses on the highlights of the history of the Shroud of Turin. At the end of the paper, an objective conclusion is made based on the history and the debates on the authenticity of the Shroud of Turin. For better analysis of the history of the Shroud of Turin, the history of the Shroud of Turin can be divided into two periods. The first period is before the year 1350, and the second period is after the year 1350. Researchers are agreed that the year 1350 is the beginning of the documented history of the Shroud of Turin (Shroud History, n.d.). But the period before 1350 is quite controversial; some scholars are of the view that the Shroud of Turin existed even before 1350 while other scholars, basing their evidence on Carbon dating, believe that the origin of the Shroud of Turin can be traced in the medieval period. But before we get into the debate of the authenticity of the Shroud of Turin, let us first look at the documented history of the Shroud of Turin. The following are the significant events in the history of the Shroud of Turin as documented by the Shroud Historian Ian Wilson (1978). According to the d ocumented history of the Shroud, Geoffrey de Charny, a French knight, is mentioned as the person who was first found with the Shroud of Turin (Wilson, 1978). In the year 1349, Geoffrey had written to pope Clement V1 expressing his wish to build a church in honour of the Holy Trinity. Geoffrey had been a prisoner of the English and he claimed that the Holy Trinity had miraculously saved him from the English prison. The pope gave him the permission to build the church and Geoffrey built it at Lirey in France. Geoffrey is said to have been in possession of the Shroud of Turin during this time and he kept the Shroud in the Church that he built at Lirey. Some people have argued that Geoffrey had got the Shroud from Constantinople; while other people disagree with this view (Shroud History, n.d). The first public exposition of the Shroud of Turin was done in 1355 at the church that Geoffrey had built at Lirey in France. Bishop Henri, however, was quite sceptical of the Shroud and he order ed that the expositions be halted. The expositions were halted and the Shroud was hidden away. In the year 1356, Geoffrey and his wife died, but the Shroud remained in the family of Geoffrey. In the year 1389, King Charles V1 of France requested the bailiff of Troyes to seize the Shroud at lirey and deposit in another church in Lirey waiting further decisions on the Shroud from the king (Shroud History,

EUROPEAN BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT second one Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

EUROPEAN BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT second one - Essay Example It brought about a vast expansion of the market. Moreover, this act established uniform rules throughout the EU in respect of trading practices. Some of the areas affected by this act were first, qualifications obtained in one Member State were accorded recognition in all the other Member States; taxation methodology and control over governmental assistance to domestic industries (ley Berry). In July 2006, the British Pound performed dismally in respect of the euro. This was in conformity with the general expectation that the difference in interest rates between the EU and the UK would adversely affect the UK currency. The European Central Bank or the ECB and the Bank of England or the BoE did not allow the interest rates to change and in a survey by Halifax, it was clearly revealed that house prices had reduced by 1.2 percent in June 2006 (Sterling slips on UK/euro zone rate expectations, 2006). Further, in May 2006, there was a spurt in manufacturing and in the first quarter of 2006, the mortgage equity withdrawal increased to approximately twelve billion pounds sterling. In this context, the president of the European Central Bank, Jean-Claude Trichet stated that the interest rates would not be altered (Sterling slips on UK/euro zone rate expectations, 2006). However, he hinted that the ECB was likely to increase the interest rates. In the month of July 2006, the forward exchange rate for one euro was 69.51 pence, however in comparison to the US Dollar there had been a 0.3 % increase in the value of the Great Britain Pound (Sterling slips on UK/euro zone rate expectations, 2006). The UK was not willing to make the euro their currency. On the 9th of January, 2005 the UK Prime Minister, Tony Blair, stated that on account of economic considerations, the UK was not in a position to change its currency to the euro. In the BBC programme Breakfast with Frost, Blair stated that it was essential to consider what was

CRIME CONTINUES TO BE A MASCULINE PURSUIT.DISCUSS Essay

CRIME CONTINUES TO BE A MASCULINE PURSUIT.DISCUSS - Essay Example 285). Despite reports that females are committing crimes at an increased rate, males continue to commit the vast majority of crimes (Anthony 2008, p. 94). The prevailing view is therefore that crime continues to be a masculine pursuit despite modest increased in female offending. The question then is, whether or not crime is and continues to be a masculine pursuit. Theories and assumptions that attempt to explain the disproportionate rate of male offending help to answer the question of whether or not crime continues to be a masculine pursuit. The prevailing view is that, if male offending can be attributed to masculine theories rather than traditional criminology theories, then we might be able to state that crime continues to be a masculine pursuit. Some explanations include the role of gender socialization, the perceptions of police, and the independence and opportunities that men are accorded (Browne 2011, p. 249). However, with the exception of gender socialization, the other ex planations and theories are not gender specific. For instance, perceptions of police can be entirely related to education or exposure. Similarly, independence and opportunities are likewise linked to both men and women. ... This paper is therefore divided into three parts. The first part of this paper provides a factual basis for the contention that males are more predisposed to commit crimes than females are. The second part of the paper analyses the various theories, assumptions and explanations relative to the male propensity to commit crimes. The third part of the paper examines the rise in female crimes and concludes that the rise in female crimes do not change the disproportionate number of male crimes. However it does indicate that crime is not and does not continue to be a masculine pursuit. It does indicate that crime is not specific to males and therefore can not be characterized as a continuing to be a masculine pursuit. The objective is to analyse masculinity theories with a view to demonstrating how crime is perceived to be a masculine pursuit and then to look at the increase in female offending to demonstrate how crime cannot be perceived as a masculine pursuit. Although crime was perceive d to have been a masculine pursuit, developments in female offending inform that it is impractical and unreasonable to continue to view crime as a masculine pursuit. I. Males and Crime The latest statistics released by the UK Office for National Statistics reveal that as of October 2006, 4 out of every five offenders were male. Moreover, man â€Å"outnumber women† in all of the most serious crimes (Office for National Statistics 2006). For instance between 84 and 95 per cent of burglary, robbery, drugs-related offences, criminal damages and violent crimes are committed by males. 98 per cent of all sexual offences are committed by males (Office for National Statistics). In the US there is evidence that the

The Effects of the Death of a Parent on Normal Child Development Research Paper

The Effects of the Death of a Parent on Normal Child Development - Research Paper Example The first major difference is of quality and organization of the information being used. The professionally reviewed article has used the appropriate terminology and information boundaries like population being analyzed are clearly defined which makes the scope and depth of article crystal clear. The abstract explicitly defines the issue, stakeholders and various aspects to be discussed in the article. The author has correlated the information with his personal experiences of abandonment in early age. The effects like depression, addiction, hopelessness, homelessness, split loyalty and uselessness among children, adolescents and adults are discussed with the help of specific examples and case studies. Expert opinions and professional theories are constantly referred in the article to draw intellectually sound inferences. The magazine article on the topic is rather general and instead of a professional review it takes the shape of author’s opinion on abandonment and parental lo se. Article boundaries are vague and the information is not backed by expert opinions and professional theories. The effects of parental loss and remedies are not discussed at length rather a suggestive approach is adopted to provide solution.

The key to understanding common law system is their adversarial nature Essay

The key to understanding common law system is their adversarial nature - Essay Example Today, the common law is said to be a mixture, not only of court judgments, but also of statutes and equity and still retaining its distinguishing characteristic of being unwritten, as opposed to statutory law, although many leading and precedent cases have seen printing in law reports and journals. 1 The common law system, is however best understood by studying the components of its adversarial nature. Anglo-Saxon kings like Ine in 689-725 and Alfred the Great (875-900), caused the issuance of codes and laws during their reigns that were largely reflections of ancient customs in addition to some new innovations. The primitive practice, for example, of private vengeance in blood-feuds although not outlawed, but there were subtle moves to restrain them imposing upon a tariff called wergild set by the king, where a man’s value, determined by his social standing, had a corresponding price to be paid when he is wronged. 2 The common law countries, like the Great Britain, the United States and Australia, employ the adversarial mode of trial whilst Continental Europe observes the non-adversarial or inquisitorial judicial system. The distinction between the two is that â€Å"the adversarial mode of proceeding takes it shape from a contest or a dispute: it unfolds as an engagement of two adversaries before a relatively passive decision maker whose principal duty is to reach a verdict. The non-adversarial mode is structured as an official inquiry. Under the first system, the two adversaries take charge of most procedural action; under the second, officials perform most activities.† 3 Moreover, adversarial systems are characterised by the following: the parties to the action control its flow or conduct; the trial consists of a continuous hearing and is the center of the judicial system; the production of evidence falls in the hands of the contending parties; the rules of court has no compulsory role. This is

Five key different functional activities Essay Example for Free

Five key different functional activities Essay Set out the main points of the contribution of five key different functional activities carried out in a selected business organisation towards its strategic aims and objectives. Human Resources Human Resources will be in charge of employing all new staff that the business need. However in order for this to work, Human Resources need to know what kind of staff they need how many. HR will also go through all the applications of the applicants; this will happen so they can narrow the amount of people to be interviewed down. They will narrow it down by seeing if the person can offer what the company requires. For Tescos this will be good communication skills, working with others and working alone, this is because Tesco want to know if the employee will be able to offer customer service at the standard of Tesco. If the employees do this then they will be able to achieve their aims and objectives of the business as they are to treat all customers how they wanted to be treated and to try harder for customers then anyone else. Marketing Marketing makes the audience aware that there is a specific product out there. However in order to market the product, the department have to know how much it is going to cost, how much it will roughly cost them, what size, colour and design will take form before marketing the product itself. Marketing will be via Radio, Television, Newspapers, Flyers, and Billboards etc. as these are the main forms of marketing a product. Tesco will Market via television and radio. They will put the adverts on television during times when many audiences would be watching, e.g. during the breaks of a Saturday night show. Tesco would put adverts on radio during rush hour time on the most listened to radio station to get more audiences. However the unique thing about the Tesco adverts is that they will give offers on products. By Tesco showing their products to the public via marketing by means of TV, radio etc. it will encourage people to come to Tescos to buy their products; this will consequently lead to more sales and more customer service this means Tesco have used marketing to get to their overall aims and objectives, which is to try harder for customer. Customer Service For a business to get more customers they will need customer service at the highest quality; this means providing a quick and an effective service. Also customer service will include things such as having in depth knowledge about products and being able to sell them describing the product(s) and its features well enough will help to get the customer interested. If you have sold the product to a certain customer and they come back saying it doesnt work then you will have to give a customer service at the highest quality and give them a replacement while you fix theirs; this could mean resolving complaints quicker and effectively. For Tesco they would provide a quick, reliable and effective service to the customers as their mission statement is to provide a life long loyalty to their customers. If a customer brought a product from Tesco e.g. a DVD player and it didnt work then Tesco will exchange / replace the customers product until theirs is fixed, or give them discount on another product that is similar. Tesco also have a 48 hour customer complaint line where by Tesco get back to the customer(s) within 48 hours of receiving the complaint. If they do this they are achieving their aims and objectives because their aims are to try harder for customers and treat every customer how they want to be treated. Finance The finance department has to spend its money wisely; and spend at the right time for the business, e.g. to make an investment. They must also manage the budget of the company to make sure they are not over spending, but spending the right amount all items. They must also make sure they prioritise which functional areas are the most in need of the money in order to move forward. In order for Tescos to achieve their aims and objectives finance wise, they must make sure they are keeping track of the money used and to see if they are able to give discounts to their loyal customers. This way they can offer customers discounts on certain items or send them vouchers for certain things they can only do this by looking into their club card for what kind of items they buy on a regular basis and then give them discount on that. Also the Tesco finance team have been able to dig out some money to buy vans for home delivery. This way customers will be able to get products from the Tesco website and get it delivered to their doorstep, this way Tesco are achieving their aims and objectives because they are trying harder for the customer. Sales The sales team would sell the product(s) on sale. The more sales staff they employ the more chances of selling more products becomes more possible. However it is important to have the opening times longer during the day; (early start, late finish). The sales team may also have a website to sell their products and also give more information to the customers; in most cases internet sales are cheaper then buying them in the store. Tesco have an internet website; however you have to be a member, this way Tesco will get more customers. In Tesco stores that are all Tesco Extra, they will be open for 24 hours a day. They have people in certain areas of the supermarket that specialise in certain things, such as technology and mobile phones and they will have their own departments; where as someone else might be working with another person that specialise in the same thing which may be fruit and veg; and they would have their departments as well. Therefore if customers want something in particular they can go the department area; this way Tesco are able to sell their products to customers easily. Tesco also have many tills and self scanning services to achieve their aims and objectives; this is because customers will come in and be able to shop and take their products home quickly and easily, this way Tesco will be achieving their aims and objectives because they are trying harder for customer by making it easier for them to go certain areas of the supermarket and paying for the item e.g. electronics department / self scanning machines / tills.

Strategic Moves to Company Success

Strategic Moves to Company Success Introduction E-commerce had brought much change in way business. It is enabled businesses to connect with each other in new way of thinking in every area on commerce. The turnover from usual business to e-commerce has anticipated exceeding far then expected by spectator. Many companies nowadays using e-commerce had been successfully gained more profit in their business such as amazon.com, e-Bay and mudah.com. These companies have their own features that show them as the highly rated successful companies. Most of these companies also have good strategies in planning their business that enables them to success. The Successful Companies through E-Commerce Amazon and E-bay is among company which allowed transaction electronically. There are the precursor in e-commerce that successfully success until today. Nowadays there are 5 most successful company using e-commerce, Amazon, Dell, Staples, Office Depot and Hewlett Packard. Amazon.com (1994) is one of the most famous e-commerce companies and founded by Jeff Bezos. Today, Amazon offers everything from books and electronics to tennis rackets and diamond jewelry. According to the research conducted, Amazon.com attracted about over 615 million customers every year. The ability of online friendly website by Amazon is one of the key of success for this company. Another company that been successfully in e-commerce is Dell Inc. Dell.com has made rapid strides, the company has achieved big profit in online sales. The companys effective strategy of selling products without retail has been admired by customers and many e-commerce dealers imitate their strategy. As same as Amazon, Dell success key factor is online friendly website. Most of successful companies achieve success by having their own characteristics and features that led them. Effective strategies also the key factor the companys success achievement. Features of Successful E-Commerce Company Many companies use e-commerce as one of the ways to gain profit. For each successful company, they have various features that help them in e-commerce business. The first feature is a clear vision and goal. The company must know exactly what they want to achieve in this business. Second feature is dare taking calculated risk. The key to success is daring to take necessary risk and considered investment as fuel of business in e-commerce. Next is, successful sites employ good advisors. By having advisor that can be trusted is essential. It is because company only can gain if having panels of experts that can advise in regulating strategy, tactic and expand the business. Another feature is successful sites can embrace technology and change. Keeping abreast of developments online is the key in online marketing, change in online way and understand way to read web analysis. The fifth feature is patience and a long-term view. The company constantly measure if they are gradually getting to their goal. More features are a commitment to and continuous improvement. The success company knew what they should do and always make improvement. Lastly is, success company must believe that there is no short cuts to make profit. There is some e-business people want to gain million of profit but hoping it come by doing nothing. Success company knew that is wrong. By keep focusing, hard work, constant improvement and commitment there are the real way to success in e-commerce business. Strategic Moves That Led Companies to Success? Fine method and strategy can lead companies to success. They are several ways that has been listed as strategic moves to led companies to success. First is Well-Positioned Online Brand. The companies must choose the market able brand name for their website. A brand name will draw customers to the companys website and can help assure customers about the quality of the offering, the accuracy of the information, can promote customer loyalty and the security of the web transactions. Second, Online-Friendly Offerings. It is about the selection and diversity of the company product. The companies must decide what products to offer on the website. Another diversity is offering customers the ability to obtain unique product or information. The diversity are important because it allows customers to control the product choices and at the same time it can built customers loyalty. The third move is Reliable Customers Service. It is to inspiring loyalty among customers. For the company to success the customer must trust the company and its website. Trust can be built through assurance of privacy and transaction security and by providing accurate information. As examples, many people purchase at Amazon.com rather than other website because it can be trusted by customers. Lastly, Right Business Planning.It is to acquire funding, nonfinancial resources and to obtain a realistic approach to the business. Important Elements in Implementing the Strategy There are many elements that guide E-Commerce strategies to success. It is such as is to consider full integration, partial corporate integration, and business unit integration all has positive aspects as strategies for e-commerce and are viable choices. Another element is companies must carefully coordinate new online services to enhance and protect their brand. Next is, in implementing and formulating e-commerce strategy throughout company operations, it must include Multi-channel coordination as the key success factor. More elements are successful e-commerce strategy must include special attention to customer service as it is core component of company strategy. A proper balance the use of commoditized solutions and unique uses of e-commerce can help company utilize effectiveness. It is to gain competitive advantage in strategy. Conclusion As conclusion, e-commerce business helps a lot dealer to expand their business. Profit achieved continuing growing for companies those involve in this electronic transaction business. It as we can see in achievement Amazon.com, E-bay and Mudah.com. More proud, now found many traders begin using e-commerce as one of the ways promotes their goods. Most successful companies in e-commerce have steady features that been a key to their success. This including the strategy that been used such as good business plan, online friendly website, reliable customers services, commitment in managing business, make improvement in services. With the right strategies, many dealers can easily gain more profit and expand their business around the world.

Disagreement Aid the Pursuit of Knowledge

Disagreement Aid the Pursuit of Knowledge Many people believe that disagreement is simply like a husband and wife arguing with each other about whether the dress makes her look fat. However there is a great deal more to disagreement than just conflict between two people and from understanding the notion of error, truth, mistake and belief and how they cause disagreement to occur or trying to win your claim leads to interesting knowledge. Disagreement can actually aid the way to pursuit the knowledge in the ways of knowing of reason, emotion and sense perception in the areas of knowledge of human and natural science. This essay will show you how disagreement helps to pursue knowledge. Is it certain that disagreement aids the pursuit of knowledge? This following example will show that it does. One disagreement in natural science that has aided us humans to know more about our universe than before came from the dispute between scientists in the Theory of Quantum. In 1905 Albert Einstein stated that Max Plancks theory of the quantum was right and he proved his point by using an experiment with light, which showed that sometimes light acts as a wave. This shocked a lot of scientists because to them it was crazy as saying a rock acts like a wave. Niels Bohr disagrees with this idea because it went against the classical law of physics which applied to every object in that time. This disagreement made Bohr come up with a methodology proving his idea against Einstein by using hydrogen atoms to show that light isnt a wave. The disagreement between the two founders of quantum mechanics caused them to think further to discover more of the truth. Later Bohrs idea of a fix equation for an atom to behavior like particle was disproven by Max Born who building on Einsteins earlier work said that the quantum mechanics could be found by probability. However Einstein spoke strongly against this idea because he believed God does not roll a dice  [1]  and disagreeing with Borns idea of probability which held that everything was made up by chance. Einstein refused to accept quantum indeterminism and sought to demonstrate that the principle of indeterminacy could be violated, suggesting experiments which should permit the accurate determination of incompatible variables.  [2]  Then he came up with the two slip experiment to help prove his theory by using reason. All of this back and forward arguing between scientists gave us the further knowledge of quantum mechanics bringing us closer to the real truth. By using the way of knowing reason, they experimentally proved facts to argue each other and showing way of knowing emotion, their pride made them stand for their point of view on which view of quantum was true. Another example that really shows that disagreement aid the way to pursuit the true knowledge is disagreement between Alice Stewart and other doctor during 1950s in Oxford. Alice Stewart was trying to identify the cause of child cancer which later discovers that it is cause by X-rays during woman is pregnant. From Ted talk by Mergaret Heffernan about this story she stated that, Alices daughter told me that every time Alice went head-to-head with a fellow scientist,  they made her think and think and think again. It show clearly that disagreement between Alice and her fellow scientist help them to understand the true meaning and further information into the research.  [3]   Disagreement aid the way to pursuit the true knowledge because from disagreement over the answer help scientist find more way and perspective to solve the problem. On the other hand this disagreement may not aid the way of pursuit knowledge because of the close mindedness of the people. These people will not find disagreement and aid because from viewing their own result as the real truth which then closed down all possible answer from other people. For example in the past, it is how Catholic Church believing in geocentric and strongly against all other idea of heliocentric, that was claim by Nicolaus Copernicus. From this classic example it shown that Catholic believe in geocentric because they believe that god was born in planet Earth which mean that Earth is definitely the center of the universe. They believe in this theory and even against an idea of heliocentric. Even theory of heliocentric can be proving by an observation of star. As we have seen emotion also can play an important role in finding the truth because being scared to be proven wrong makes some people close the way to develop their idea or refuse to check their assumption so that the real knowledge of truth cant be revealed. From the article Separating The Pseudo From Science by Michael D.Gordin, we get a good idea on disagreement in science between science and pseudoscience. There is not a demarcation between pseudoscience and science because both areas can add to range of human knowledge. As Gordin said If scientist uses some criterion such as peer review to demarcate, so will the fringe. The brighter the light of science-that is, the greater its cultural prestige and authority-the sharper the shadow, and the more the fringe flourishes.  [4]  The pseudoscience on the fringe will expand the size of the knowledge because pseudoscience views and investigate thing from different perception than normal science. We do have to be careful that it is possible that someone who doesnt know anything about science can claim something is scientific and true based on non-empirical evidence which can lead them off the track. We need to justify any claim by peer reviews that scientist do before we can add to our theoretical or concrete knowledge bases. Disagreement in the human science field can be shown in the field of history which country disagreeing with each other to cause the war to happen. For example American civil war was happen from one conflict or one disagreement which is about slavery. Northern of United States claim to free and end the slavery in the country however Southern part wanted to continues with the slavery because it will affect their economic in a bad way if the slavery end. The disagreement led further to cause a war against two sides of United States. From historical point of view we can see that disagreements over time over how a war began help to find the true cause of the war. However the knowledge is not certain because of the perception of the viewer who views one country or bias one more than another. There are no absolute truth behind disagreement in human science because history can be record in hatred which causing the truth to be change. On the other hand it may not help to find the absolute tru th but from using disagreement help to increase and change the way to approach which can help to discover some knowledge behind. For me the most interesting areas where disagreement aids the pursuit of information are in the areas of knowledge of mathematics and human science. Disagreeing with teacher over either answer was correct or not help to pursuit more knowledge on mathematic than normal because from this I can understand more on how to solve the question by looking at why am I wrong or finding prove to show why I am right. There are a lot of formula and way to solve the question so it is certain by discussing with teacher and sharing our different views, he and I can help each other learn that even though the formula or method isnt the same but the answer in the end is the same. In human science there is a lot of disagreement, because human can understand each other behavior more through sense perception and emotion than by scientific evidence. This lack of hard proves easy lead to an argument. From my experience people will start to know each other more and more when they are disagreeing with each other because it is our human nature to control ourselves and present the information in the best possible way. If that isnt their real behavior, the real behavior will be revealed when they are face with strong rapid change of emotion from arguing with other people. On the other hand in some situation arguing with other people will not lead to knowing each other more but lead into destruction of friendship. Disagreement in both human science and natural science can aid the pursuit of knowledge like in the way like Einstein and Bohr arguing to discovered quantum mechanics through the argument between themselves and how historian discover the meaning and the purpose of history by learning about disagreement which led to war between country. However this knowledge that came from disagreement may be not the real truth for everything because my truth and your truth are not same, like each scientists and historians view thing in different point of view. So everyone must freely look at both sides. Disagreement can help the pursuit the knowledge if we have the reason and right emotions to be open minded enough to listen to other people ideas and accepts the fact that they also can be saying the truth from another perception. Disagreement Aid The Pursuit Of Knowledge Disagreement Aid The Pursuit Of Knowledge Disagreement may aid the pursuit of knowledge in the natural and human sciences because disagreement fosters new research to justify rival theories. Openness to allow disagreeing points of view and theories to be presented is important because it challenges scientists and prompts them to justify their points of view through a genuine dialogue. In this essay I will focus on biology and economics then I will try to discuss how ways of knowing are linked to disagreement. I will also endeavor to show how disagreement has helped me in the process of knowledge acquisition. 1858 was the year when Charles Darwin and Alfred Russell Wallaces new theory was published the evolutionary theory that was thoroughly expounded in the famous treatise On the Origin of Species (1859)  [1]  by Ch. Darwin. In contrast to Lamarck, Darwin proposed the concepts of the common descent and the branching tree of life, which means that two totally different species could have a common ancestor. The theorys fundament was the idea of natural selection, and it was based on a variety of evidence from animal husbandry, geology, biogeography, embryology, and morphology. Evolution underlies every aspect of the form and behavior of organisms. We can see a proof of this in the way species behave and adapt as a result of natural selection. The ability to adapt is exhibited in activities such as locating food, keeping away from predators or finding mates. Life forms can also react to selection by working together with each other, by assisting their relatives or entering in a symbios is of shared advantage. In the end, evolution creates new species through separating the familial populations of organisms, forming new groups that are not able to produce a common generation. Today, the contemporary evolutionary theory is accepted by the greater part of scientists. On the other hand, evolution is still a controversial notion for a number of theists. While a number of religions and denominations are prepared to accept the theory of evolution, making it compatible with their beliefs, there are creationists who purport that evolution is opposing the creation myths present in their religions. As the responses towards the Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation in 1844 show, the most controversial feature of evolutionary biology is the inference that human beings descend, together with apes, from a common ancestor and that the intellectual and ethical abilities of humans possess the same inherited attributes as those characteristic of animals. In a number of countries, particularly the United States, these strain between science and religion has produced the current conflict between creation and evolution, a religious conflict connected with politics and p ublic education. While scientific areas such as cosmology and geology also clash with a number of interpretations of religious books, evolutionary theory encounters noteworthy antagonism from religious theoreticians and practitioners. The debate over evolution shows how disagreement encourages more detailed research and, as a result, contributes to the pursuit of knowledge. However, it also shows that disagreement is not only about gathering reliable knowledge, but also about the way one undertakes the acquisition of it. Because theism had been a deeply-rooted philosophy for a very long time, people felt some kind of emotional attachment to it. The same, however, can be said about evolutionists. This can be seen from the fact that the supporters of evolution did not reject the theory in light of new controversial findings. In my opinion, the fact that the evolutionists accept evolution as a basic principle is not disputed by the creationists. It is absurd to say that creationists use the beliefs of the evolutionists to show that they doubt evolution. The purpose of quoting the supporters of evolution is to show the disputable issues in the field of evolution, which are being studied. Another example of the role of disagreement in science is exhibited in the field of modern economics, especially when it comes to the long-run equilibrium  [2]  . It is a notion that aggregate demand is equal to long-run aggregate supply. Given that there is disagreement among different economic concepts, we distinguish between Keynesian equilibrium output in the long run and the new classical equilibrium output2. According to new classical economists, economy will always try to achieve a long-run equilibrium at the full employment level of output. Thus, long-run equilibrium is where the aggregate demand curve meets the vertical long-run aggregate supply curve. The effect of any changes in aggregate demand will be only on the price level. In each case the equilibrium level of output is where aggregate demand is equal to long-run aggregate supply. According to the Keynesian economists, however, this equilibrium level of output may be found at different levels. They believe that the economy may be in long-run equilibrium at a level of output below the full employment level of national income. This will be the case if the economy is operating at a level where there is spare capacity. In this view, the equilibrium level of output depends mainly on the level of aggregate demand in economy. In the Keynesian view, aggregate demand can increase in such a way that there is an increase in the level of r eal output, without any resulting increase in the price level. No clear conclusion has yet been made concerning the long-run equilibrium in macroeconomics. Instead of having a weak and formal equilibrium, vigorous disagreement between experts would give the decision-makers the opportunity to come up with meaningful alternatives that inform and enrich discussions. Writing this essay invoked a memory of a disagreement I had with a classmate of mine over GMO (Genetically modified organism). Few months I watched a TV program on CCTV it was an attempt to introduce the advantages of GMF. I know that the problem with genetically modified food is probably the most significant one. But I am quite aware for the fact that there are genetically modified elements in many other products. This program is very interesting and it widens the eyes. The one that I am sure of is cotton. It has brought many discussions all over the world. However, at the same time a friend of mine was convinced by a text in a website called Ten disadvantages of genetically modified food  [3]  . We started doing a lot of research to support our personal argument. Thus disagreement aided our individual pursuit of knowledge. We did not reach a conclusion due to lack of enough reliable information. He asked me: Can you imagine a genetically modified human being- can it be perfect? Sure, we have to be careful as one day we, human beings, can be modified too. A genetically modified human is the logical continuation of this process. And as far as I know, many claim that choosing the genes for your children and improving their genetic material is good as long as we help them avoid diseases. But in my opinion is same of his, once we start doing this, there will be no going back. And one day some science fiction movies will become reality. When scientists aspire to speak in an unified voice, they usually do so in a quite scientific way: they make and launch consensus reports. The idea is to compress the knowledge of many experts into a single point of view that can resolve disputes and help policy-making. But the process of reaching such a consensus often works against these goals, and can challenge the very authority it tries to project. The idea that science best asserts its authority through consensus statements differs from the real process of scientific development. Consensus is good for textbooks; real science makes its progress by increase challenges to the existing state of always-incomplete knowledge. Science would present greater importance to politics if it uttered the broadest set of likely interpretations, possibilities and perspectives, anticipated by the top experts, rather than forcing meeting to a purportedly unified voice. To conclude, a disagreement can often stop you from rushing into dire decisions and choices. They allow you time and give you space to think over it though you may get annoyed by the delay and hindrances. It is always possible you that may have done big homework on a decision, but you still may have left unnoticed a simple, but vital point, which the dissenting person can perceive when looked from a dissimilar viewpoint. Disagreement has fostered the pursuit of knowledge in the natural and human sciences such as biology and economics, because disagreement has led to additional research. We should not be afraid to disagree or recognize disagreement. Real leaders accept disagreement as truly successful one must periodically welcome a liberal dose of disagreement in every main or significant decision one takes, even if one is a specialist in what one does.

Marketplace Madness :: Personal Narrative Writing

Marketplace Madness On a Friday afternoon I traveled with two others from my English class to a rather ordinary patch of farmland next to Highway 101 and adjacent to the Promenade. From out of the car window we looked at a seemingly endless field of cabbages, bordered at least an acre thick with black dirt. It looked strange that the busy Promenade abruptly ended at this sea of dirt. To the left we could see cars streaking by on the highway. The field had a tilled appearance, yet it looked as if nobody had been working on it for a while. Weeds grew sporadically on the black dirt. The sight of it told of half hearted farming efforts and neglect. We decided that one pass of this field would yield all that it had to give visually. However, the controversy surrounding it takes much research to understand. This field is the proposed site of the San Luis Marketplace, a shopping center bigger than any single building project in the history of San Luis Obispo. Spurred on by curiosity, I researched the field in the hopes that I could learn more about it than what I saw at first glance. The field contains Salinas Soils, the most productive kind of soil found in the county. Salinas Soils are alluvial, containing nutrients and minerals washed down from the hillsides by rainwater. The fertility of the soil makes it a very productive field for growing, yielding crops many times a year. The dark black color of the soil indicates how fertile it is. This made me think of something that my girlfriend’s mom said. She works at the El Dorado County Agricultural Department, and she came down here a few weeks ago. When she passed by the Dalidio field she exclaimed â€Å"Wow! Look how black the dirt is!† The owner of the property, a farmer named Ernie Dalidio, struck a deal in 1992 with developer Bill Bird to build a forty-acre shopping centre on the property. Proponents of the marketplace argue that the shopping centre will generate an enormous amount of sales tax that the city can use to support the community.

The Pact Essay -- Pact Essays

The Pact With Teacher Comments To say that I have a personal connection with any of the authors of â€Å"The Pact† (Books should be underlined or in italics, but not in quotatations) would be a stretch at best. From the time before my very first breath, my life has been completely different. Throughout the years, my life further diverged, until you examine our (maybe use â€Å"my† instead of â€Å"our† – makes the connection to yourself) college years. Despite the differences, many similarities can be found just by taking a look at events, rather than situations. These situations (events – you said to focus on the events rather than the situations) are my connection to â€Å"The Pact†. The families of the three authors had all been relatively poor, and many of them uneducated, like Sam’s mother. Even their grandparents had started life out poor, and many would end their lives little better than poor. Here I have a connection. It takes going all the way back to grandparents. My grandmother on my father’s side began life as a share cropper, and was very poor. She dropped out of school to help with the family – I moved this up here for a better understanding before she learned to read. Over the years she taught herself to read since she felt it was an essential skill really was a required skill. She later met my grandfather, who I never met since he died from emphysema before I was born before my birth from emphysema. Obviously (Is it obvious? The reader is dumb and only knows what you tell them. It is difficult to assume that the reader will automatically know something) , she had a son before that, my father. He was a smart man, but lik e in The Pact the story, lacked direction. (New Paragraph) He had learned some electronics, a... ...ing special; I think I ended with a 2.8 GPA, and that was only because I excelled in my computer science classes. My time then down at UNT was a terrible experience that like the authors, I don’t think I would have survived without good friends, and a supporting family. My GPA there when I left I think was around 2.3. Again, still basically a ‘C’ student, where our authors were making good grades, and even sitting near the tops of their classes. Now at Penn State, I decided to actually try for a change, and hope to graduate with a 3.5 GPA. Overall, a very nicely done paper. You draw a clear connection between the story and your life. This paper could use some development work, but the main idea is clear. Keep up the good work and revise it with some of the changes I made, as well as changes of your own. By doing so, you will have an awesome paper to publish.

Asteroids vs. Comets

Asteroids vs. Comets Spacecrafts have retrieved extraordinarily valuable information that has furthered the human race’s knowledge of what exists in outer space. However, spacecrafts and shuttles are extremely expensive to build and launch into space so they should be well taken care of. Sending a spacecraft to an asteroid is far better and safer than sending a spacecraft to a comet for quite a few different reasons. First, an asteroid is made up of less materials than a comet. Next, comets produce two tails when approaching the Sun.Lastly, an asteroid’s orbit is much more predictable than a comet’s orbit. With these characteristics, asteroids make a better object for spacecrafts to land on rather than comets. A typical asteroid is made up of rock, metal, and iron. The iron causes asteroids to be rock solid with some loose piles of rubble. Comets consist of many different materials such as ice and dust. With less exposed materials, sending a spacecraft to an aste roid instead of a comet reduces unexpected obstacles with the comet’s atmospheric conditions.Having an atmosphere with high levels of water and dust can also make the spacecraft’s maneuvering difficult. An asteroid would be much more suitable for spacecraft maneuvering due to it’s rocky and dry shell. Comets produce two tails when they get closer to the Sun while asteroids produce no tails. These two tails consist of one white tail made of dust and another blue tail containing ionized gas. The Sun’s light creates radiation pressure and when mixed with solar wind, they push the dust and gas outward and away from the Sun thus creating the two tails.Exposing a spacecraft to these conditions can be very detrimental to the exterior and technology of the spacecraft. Which would be very counterproductive and could potentially destroy any evidence recorded. Asteroids, however, are basically big piles of rubble with craters. Spacecrafts would have a much easier ti me landing on an asteroid as opposed to a comet. Asteroids come from the inner solar system and have a very predictable orbit. All asteroids orbit between Mars and Jupiter in the â€Å"asteroid belt† around the Sun.Some comets may have a predictable orbit, however, there are many ways a comet may be knocked off course. Comets come from the outer solar system where other objects or even passing stars can cause the comet to have a different orbit. Having a more predictable orbit would make a spacecraft mission much easier to map and plan out. It costs around $300 million to send a spacecraft on a mission to space on an interplanetary mission. In this case, asteroids are much better for a spacecraft to take a mission to.Asteroids are made up of less materials that contribute to a dangerous climate which is much more suitable for a spacecraft to maneuver around on. Second, comets produce two tails containing dust and ionized gas which would make it difficult to land a spacecraft on. Last, asteroids have a very predictable orbit while comets can be harder to track and plan a mission to. Asteroids clearly have better qualities for a spacecraft to be sent to.

What Is Leadership? Defining Leadership Qualities

Defining Leadership through the Fortune 500 Leadership is a difficult term to define. In literal definition, it means â€Å"the action of leading a group of people or an organization†. However, that is a very prosaic definition. What qualities make up â€Å"the action of leading a group of people or an organization†? One way to find out is to observe the qualities possessed by leaders themselves. The Fortune 500 is an annual ranking of America’s largest corporations. At the very head of each one of these 500 corporations is a single individual called a Chief Executive Officer, or CEO.The CEO is in charge of all of the main responsibilities of the corporation. So it is no doubt that CEO’s are leaders; the CEO’s of the Fortune 500 lead millions of employees and large scale business decisions everyday. As number two on the Fortune 500 list, Walmart is regarded as one of the very first â€Å"big businesses† to ever go multinational. The statistic s on Walmart are astonishing: housing more than two million full-time employees, boasting a whopping $405 billion in revenue last year and owning more than 8,500 stores worldwide.Beginning as a small business investment, it is no doubt that the Walmart corporation took someone with a vision to develop its domination in the business world. Not only did it take a vision, but someone audacious, reliable and empowering enough to execute such a large dream. In 1962, small business owner Sam Walton opened the very first Walmart in Rogers, Arkansas. The strategy of the business was one the world had not seen yet before: a chain discount store. Within just five years, it had expanded to 24 stores, and by 1968, it had went multistate.That was just the beginning of the Walmart rise to reign. But what qualities did Sam have to build such an empire? Many claims Walton was very inquisitive and open to criticism of his business in order to improve it; he was constantly concerned about the custome r and looking to improve. Walton was also optimistic; his positivity bred grounds for happy employees—gaining the willpower of each individual. Walton was also clever, learning from his competitors and seeing how he could use the skills he had seen to advance his own business.Today, Walmart is one of the largest corportations in the world thanks to its first CEO, Sam Walton. Walmart also gives back to its community: In 2011, Walmart and the Walmart Foundation gave $958. 9 million in cash and in-kind contributions around the world. Rising above Walmart this year for number one on the list of the Fortune 500 is ExxonMobil. Over the last 125 years, ExxonMobil has went from a kerosene distributor of the US to the largest publicly traded petroleum enterprise of the world. Their leadership strategies date back to its founding, with the Rockefeller’s oil industry.The Rockefellers were one of the biggest and first U. S. businesses back in the age of the industrial revolution. ExxonMobil has underwent several name changes and through many CEO’s to get to its standing in today’s #1 place in the market. So how does Rex Tillerson handle it all? Many report Tillerson as optimistic, clear and confident. He has been working with ExxonMobil for over thirty years, so it is apparent that he is consistent and persistent with his business as he deals with a fluctuating market.Communication also plays a major role in Tillerson’s leadership style. â€Å"What we support is continued efforts to understand the problem better. We need to work harder on articulating our views, and we're going to try to do better at that in the future,† Rex has said. Rex understands the importance of communicating within his company with his employees as well as potential investors. Not only is Tillerson a great business titan, but like Walmart, he gives back to his community.Through the work of Tillerson’s leadership, ExxonMobil is involved with many grou ps and organizations including his involvement of many organizations including Alpha Phi Omega, the United Negro College Fund, and the Boy Scouts of America. Allergan is ranked #457 on the Fortune 500 list, but do not be fooled by this number: it is by far the fastest growing corporation on the Fortune 500 list with a 155650. 0% change of profits from 2010 to 2011. David Pyott is the CEO of this pharmaceutical corporation and ranked #11 on Forbe’s list of CEO’s.He joined in late 1998 and reconstructed the business’s strategy on worldwide operations. In June 2006, he was awarded the honor of Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (CBE) by Her Majesty the Queen in acknowledgment of Pyott’s contribution to British business excellence and management skills in the United States. Pyott holds leadership in many international boards as well as serves member in many international medical-related councils and organizations. Through this, he gai ns a keen view of the evolving world around him and applies this to his business.So it is of no doubt why Allergan can be seen as the fastest Fortune 500 under Pyott’s leadership of just 13 years thus far. Allergan also has significant claims about its companying, stating â€Å"Allergan, Inc. is a multi-specialty health care company focused on discovering, developing and commercializing innovative pharmaceuticals, biologics and medical devices that enable people to live life to its greatest potential — to see more clearly, move more freely, express themselves more fully. Tying back directly to this mission statement is their â€Å"insight for life† program that gives developing countries access to medicine and healthcare. So what is a leader based on the qualities expressed by three of America’s top CEO’s? Being a leader is being visionary, being communicative, being insightful, being clever, being open-minded, being persistent, being motivating, being smart, being hard-working and most of all, being caring and compassionate to those around you.

Globalization: Good vs Bad Essay

Globalization is happening all around us everyday whether it is wanted or not. Some may believe that globalization is a bad thing and should be controlled to some degree. Others say that it is a great thing that is happening in the world and that it should be seen as a move in the positive direction. What is globalization, What makes it so important, and why is it only recently being noticed? Globalization is a process of interaction and integration between governments, cultures, and companies. It is important because it has effects on the environment, on culture, on politics, and on economics to name a few. Currently speaking, globalization can be summed up as being a free-market, policy driven, open economy and reasonably open governments. People may think that globalization is new, but it is not. In fact globalization has been around for thousands of years, it just had not been noticed as easily as it is today. Technology. Technology is the main reason of why we are noticing globalization. Without technological developments in transportation and communication our world would be much more different. With the developments in transportation people can travel to places that people in the past have dreamt of. Since traveling had been made easier, faster, safer, and more efficient, trading with other countries became possible. The development of the means of communication linked one side of the planet to the other. With communication being a press of a button away news and information can be received within moments of an event happening. All of this is what made globalization more noticeable. Even with all the new communications opened and new opportunities available globalization still is a highly debated topic that seems to split into a pro and con argument. You have the people that say that globalization will help the whole world to deal with crises like unemployment/poverty, it will help to raise the global economy, gradually there will be a world power that is being created instead of separate governments, different cultures are being adopted by others, and we are becoming more accepting and tolerant of each other. Then you have the people that say that globalization is a leading cause of wars, social degeneration, and the outsourcing of countries that can’t keep up any longer with the fast growing demand for items. The people who would argue for globalization would say that it is creating a bunch of job opportunities for people all over the world and that it is also providing companies with the much needed man power. Another pro would be that globalization has made living and utilizing products from various parts of the world incredibly easy. Globalization also brings in the needed foreign exchange into the developing countries from the developed countries and that this helps in development of the nations. They would also argue that culturally, people are becoming more tolerant towards other people, that it is the first step towards accepting the differences of cultures that are present all over the globe and learning to live in relative peace with them. Another point would be that there is a greater exchange in knowledge and that it is educating the range of knowledge around the globe. Overall, if someone were to just hear the pro side of globalization they would be all for it. However, with every pro there is a con side. A person who would be against globalization would argue that one of the major cons of globalization is that it threatens the jobs of many developed countries. There are nations that are constantly losing their jobs as a lot of the work is now being outsourced to developing countries. A ton of effort is being put into setting up branches or companies in other countries. As a result there is a loss of resources from the country itself. Another one for the cons of globalization is that it can lead to the spread of infectious diseases. Apart from that, there are high chances of globalization leading to social degeneration as well because everyone is adapting to different cultures. Unfortunately the biggest threat is posed by the corporate world because a majority of the power lies in their hands. This may not always be a good thing and may not be the safest situation to be in. Eventually, some people think about the cons of globalization in a way that this process can turn into a form of colonization. Finally we get to the most agued con points, war. People against globalization will bring up that most wars could have been prevented if we weren’t so interconnected. Because the world is all connected by communication conflicts of different cultures and religions are more often and wars break out more frequently than before we were all globalized. The reality is, the question whether globalization is good or bad is not black and white. But it has lead to the process of connecting various economies and spreading technology, ideas, and culture has done more good than harm. Globalization has posed the more obvious economic, social and also political benefits worldwide. But it also comes with a small price compared to the big picture. On the economic side of things, globalization is responsible for all the various consumer products that are stacked on shelves in local supermarkets or large chain ones. It has economic benefits on both sides of the countries in trade. A multinational corporation from the U. S. makes a direct foreign investment by building branches in that country and setting factories for production. The corporation then gets cheap labor which creates a greater profit. Socially, there is the spread of technology, knowledge and culture. And politically (a trickier topic), globalization is responsible for spreading differing political ideals ranging from democracy to communism. And the major role of the media in assisting globalization, can expose corrupt governments to the public and therefore, pressure the removal of oppressive dictators. In honest opinion, globalization is not meant to â€Å"level the playing field† and remove poor nations out of poverty. Globalization is meant more to spread knowledge, technology, cultures, religion in a world that’s ever becoming much smaller to live in. The fact that it may create a larger gap between the poor and rich countries is an effect. This is a topic that can’t have one right side. It’s all part of globalization right? To have an open mind and be able to think about both sides of things. With globalization and were it’s heading all you can do is wait and see what happens. So far it’s kind of in a rocky place with the economy being so messed up, but if it gets re-situated then who is to say that globalization is a bad thing or a good thing? Like mentioned above. It isn’t black and white. It’s a gray topic that can go anywhere at this point.

One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest †A Movie Review Essay

Reviewing a movie which has been considered a classic by contemporary judgment by the academy awards committee is always difficult. Milos Forman’s, â€Å"One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest† is one such film which has won critical claim winning five Oscars including Best Motion Picture, Best Director, Best Actor (Jack Nicholson), Actress (Louise Fletcher) and Screenplay (Bo Goldman). (Forman, 1975). The director and the cast is apparently well identifiable so are perhaps the characters to those who have read the book of the same name by Ken Kessey. This has however been creatively adapted in the film leading to the screen play also winning an Oscar in its category. The acting, music and the film score are thus perfect though not necessarily without areas for improvement while the technical parameters of lighting, sound and camera work is also befitting this movie which will remain a classic of its times. Without depriving the director and the actors of their credits, it would be prudent to critically examine facets which could have been projected differently or improved upon. Randle Patrick McMurphy (Nicholson) the principal protagonist in the movie is a criminal who declares himself insane while serving a relatively short prison term with a view to avoid the misery and discomfort of prison life. He ends up in a mental asylum run by a nurse who is regarded as a tyrant by her patients as she exercises total control over them. Nurse Ratched’s (Fletcher) influence is all the more telling on those patients who have come to the asylum voluntarily rather than for treatment of a mental illness. Thus their submission has been institutionalized by the need for recommendations of Ratched for their release and treatment such as shock therapies which would be torturous for normal persons. McMurphy’s induction into this scenario was bound to create friction for he is an eternal rebellious, bounder who however is impervious that many of his fellow mates just as he himself are faking treatment. As in such establishments friendships develop and McMurphy is drawn towards Billy Bibbit (Dourif) a man with suicidal tendencies and Chief Bromden (Sampson) the original narrator of the plot in the book. Bromden is a schizophrenic and a native America who is respected for his size rather than his physical infirmities being deaf and dumb. While McMurphy and Bromden are defiant towards Nurse Ratched’s domineering attitude Bibbit is submissive. Their friendship develops particularly when McMurphy discovers that Bromden is faking deafness. Thus he lets him know his plans for escape. On a late winter night, McMurphy enters clandestinely into the nurse’s station and calls his girl friend to assist him in escape. The girl comes with her friend who is seduced by Billy. When the binge ends, the wreckage of the party is noticeable leading to heavy reprimand by Ratched principally directed at Billy. Being weak and also perhaps guilty, Billy commits suicide, in turn leading to McMurphy going into a violent rage and strangling Ratched almost to her death. A lobotomy operation is carried out on McMurphy whose plight leads the Chief to strangle him with a pillow before making good his escape from the asylum to Canada. The plot of the movie is generally based on the book, though the screen play adaptation does not provide centrality to the role of the narrator, Bromden (Sampson), a fact rued by the author (Kessey) who had written the book based on real life characters in a mental asylum. The theme explores multiple strands, escapism represented by people voluntarily declaring themselves as insane and getting admitted in a mental asylum, politics of such establishments, power of the nurses and how it is ruthlessly exercised and the desperation of individuals caught within the rot in such systems. It is indeed a very complex plot to portray and the director has done justice in most parts of the film. The actors in their roles have been near perfect, with McMurphy very aptly portrayed by Nicholson including the naivete on entering the asylum, inability to understand the complex relationships that emerge and power games that he plays with Ratched. Fletcher as the demonic tyrant and prima donna of an asylum is also just right. So are the other supporting actors. For those who have read the book as well as seen the film, the exception of not viewing it through narration by Chief Bromden may appear striking, but for others it would not be that relevant. This was also seen as a notable flaw in the movie by the author, Kessey apart from wrong casting of Nicholson as McMurphy, though the critical acclaim received by the actor should lead us to overlook the writer’s comments as being too attached to the original script. There are instances however when Forman tends to stray from the main theme and the digressions prove to be not just unconvincing but also greatly weaken the plot. The suicide by Billy is inappropriately portrayed and results in creating an impact of an imposition on the viewer which is not effectively weaved in the plot. The fishing trip on a stolen boat is perhaps the weakest link as it takes the plot on an indefinable course. The scene with all the principals on the deck of a fishing boat looks totally incongruous and the intent of the director is not discernible. Despite these infirmities, this is one movie which cannot be missed by any American. Reference: 1. Forman, Milos. (1975). One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest.

Contract situation Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Contract situation - Article Example The lawsuit filed by UC-Davis claims that Sacramento County in California was in breach of their agreed upon contract. The lawsuit is requesting repayment of indigent care services that have already been provided. Additionally a court order is being sought to require the county to cover all emergency care for residents who qualify as indigent in the future (California Healthline). The county contracted with a third party called Benefit and Risk Management Services that would provide cheaper services. It is estimated that by March of 2009 the county had apparently paid claims to the third party worth almost of the full amount of the contract. It was soon after that the county stopped reimbursing UC-Davis for the services that they had already administered. Letters were sent out by Sacramento County to residents that were eligible for indigent services informing them that their contract had been ended with UC-Davis and services received through them would no longer be covered. U-C Davis takes the stance that the County is responsible for the costs of these medical services with or without a contract. ( Robertson, Kathy). According to reports Sacramento County officials have declined to comment on the pending lawsuit. Officials did say that they would plan to continue communications with UC-Davis with attempts to resolve the matter outside of the court systems (California Healthline). It seems that this lawsuit is still fairly fresh and to date there are no reports of this contract situation being resolved. Negotiations between the County and UC-Davis appear to be occurring in an effort to resolve the matter. There seems to be a lack of information and understanding around the parameters of the contract between Sacramento county and UC-Davis. The California state law requires that counties assume responsibility for the cost of indigent care ( Robertson, Kathy). Given this law is on the books it appears that the County is responsible for payment of

Urban Wildlife Contraversy in Canada Particularly in Calgary, Alberta Research Paper

Urban Wildlife Contraversy in Canada Particularly in Calgary, Alberta - Research Paper Example natural habitats, worldwide2, while we find that nearly two-thirds of the land available, has been used for human purposes alone, like building villages, townships or cities; for agricultural purposes; and also for other infrastructural developments, aimed, no doubt, to benefit human endeavour in leading a better life. All these actions, beneficial as they are to mankind, have resulted in an eradication and systematic degradation of the environment, and have caused massive damages on the surrounding biodiversity. So from the perspective of environmental ethics, human civilisation has been mainly â€Å"limited to the relations of man to man†3. However, in the recent times it has been noticed that there is an increasing awareness amongst various sections of the human population, that are willing to work towards protection of wild animals, and the preservation of environment, at large. Carnivore conservation, a controversial topic by itself, since most of the carnivores tend to kill livestock while occasionally preying on humans too, however has received a great deal of impetus in the last 15-20 years4. Since human economic interests and carnivores come into constant conflict, there have been increasing attempts by the conservationists to find a workable solution, which would serve to help both these warring factions co-exist, without causing harm to each other5. In the entire North American region that includes Canada, wolves were ruthlessly killed during the colonial rule. It is only recently that, owing to various wolf management programs, an increase in the number of these carnivores has been observed in various parts of Canada. This sudden surge in numbers over the past few years have however also led to rising number of conflicts with the humans (especially in the Alberta region of Canada), as these carnivores are now moving into the rural areas to kill livestock which form an easy prey. In order to protect the livestock, the farmers are now forced to opt for

Medical microbiology Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Medical microbiology - Assignment Example (ii) The most commonly used stain for the gastric biopsy for the detection of H. pylori is the modified giemsa stain. Sections of the biopsy in a patient with gastritis would show epithelial damage and a generalized decrease in the thickness of the mucus layer. Eroded areas of the stomach lining would also show the presence of white blood cells such as lymphocytes and neutrophils. A haematoxylin and eosin stain of a person with chronic gastritis would show polymorphonuclear leucocytes intruding into the lining of the mucus gland. Helicobacter pylori resides deep into the lining of the stomach wall, and as the polymorphonuclear cell cannot easily reach the site of infection, they release superoxide radicals which damages the stomach lining. A methylene blue stain of the section would stain the H. pylori bacteria blue and would present as small curve shaped, spiral bacteria in the mucus lining. (iii) 13C urea breath test is a very accurate, non-invasive, simple test that can produce results within 20 minutes. Helicobacter pylori produces urease enzyme which forms the basis of 13C urea breath test. The patient is given a non-radioactive 13C urea to drink, which is broken down into ammonia and bicarbonate by the urease enzyme in Helicobacter pylori. Bicarbonate ions dissociate into Carbon dioxide and water in the acidic environment of the stomach. The 13C isotope containing carbondioxide is absorbed into the blood stream and taken to the lungs to be expired. Readings are taken of the expired air and the results are sent to the lab for Mass correlation spectrometry to be performed and levels of 13CO2 are determined, which are synonymous with the presence of Helicobacter pylori. (iv) A triple regimen therapy is advised to the patient, which consists of a proton pump inhibitor (e.g. omeprazole) and two antibiotics (e.g. amoxicillin,

Roman Games and their Role in Ancient Rome Research Paper

Roman Games and their Role in Ancient Rome - Research Paper Example While the different types of games including horse racing, gladiatorial combat and so on, all emerged from different origins, each had two important functions: to provide entertainment and titillation to the population, keeping them happy to be part of the Pax Romana and establishing aspects of Roman culture and rule across the breadth of the giant Empire, and as a commercial venture for those involved. There were two major types of games held during the Roman era: chariot racing and gladiatorial combat. Both were immensely popular, but chariot racing was one somewhat more common than gladiatorial games (Romano 387), partly because of the cost of the gladiatorial games, which could often end with an incredibly expensive and well trained slave being wounded or even killed. It is estimated that at their height, there were twenty-four races a day on sixty-six days of the year, meaning that races were relatively common but still rare enough to be of great entertainment value (Bennet 42). Chariot races would consist of several competitors racing in an oval around central pier in a building called a circus or, after the Greek fashion, a hippodrome. Roman chariot racing evolved from the Greek practice, which had been ongoing for centuries, with a recorded history dating back to the first Panhellenic games (Levick 117). Though the Roman one was probably adapted from the Etruscan adaption of Greek racing, it was also probably directly influenced by the Greek practice (Matz 33). While the evolution of Roman chariot racing evolved slowly over many centuries, and has distinctive origins that are somewhat difficult to trace, the origins of gladiatorial games, which involved two slaves fighting each other for public entertainment, are a bit clearer. It seems that it was an Etruscan religious practice amongst the wealthiest people in society to hold funerary games to send off the dead: perhaps to give them a companion to accompany them to the underworld (Minowa 89). These the n began to be a part of traditional religious practices during the Roman ludi (games), which were massive week long festivals that would also include dramatic performances, religious festivities honoring Jupiter, music, and other activities (including chariot racing) (Plecket 160). Gladiatorial combats were also held by various wealthy and/or powerful Romans (people were rarely one without being the other) for various reasons, including celebrating an event like a military victory, ascension to a position and so on (Tataki 369). While the origins of both chariot racing and gladiatorial games are somewhat obscure and debated, their role in Roman society is relatively clear. The Roman state, and the people who ran it, saw games as part of their patrician obligation to their populace (Boatwright 190). They would keep the population happy and entertained as well as thankful to the Roman state. This was true of games that were held as a part of ludi, which also had religious significance , as well as one-off games that were often more explicitly designed for entertainment. Furthermore, amphitheaters and circi were often installed in smaller cities in Roman provinces, making their connection with the Roman state strong and centralizing the importance of Roman culture that might be quite distant from its centre, Rome (Carter 300). This all plays a central part of the Roman character, the idea